Perception & Misperception in Teen-Parent Relationships
By Ann
Zander,
Colorado State
University
Consumer and Family Education
Cooperative Extension, Boulder County
October
16, 2001 - the link I have is no longer valid.
Perception IS reality & no where is this more evident than in parent-teen relationships.
The way in which parents & teens communicate, solve
problems, make decisions & manage stress are greatly affected by their
perceptions.
As human beings, we do more than merely experience our world - we also perceive it. We define situations &
events. We interpret them, make some kind of sense of them. We make inferences & draw conclusions. Our interpretation
could be right or wrong, but what we perceive is our reality. Our feelings & our actions grow
out of these perceptions or misperceptions.
Perceptions & Emotions
It's common to blame our feelings on events or people:
"When my car broke down, it made me so angry." or "He makes me so angry when
he . . .!" These emotional reactions, however, are complex. It wasn't the car's behavior that made the man angry. It wasn't the woman's husband nor her teenage son who made her angry. The
emotion was based on how each interpreted the events.
When a teen acts out, a parent may think:
"He couldn't possibly have a reason for being so obnoxious. He's just trying to get my goat." That interpretation almost always
leads to anger.
Perhaps there's a better way. A
mother might realize that her son was irritable because he had a bad day. He may be worrying about
a poor grade, perhaps he didn't get the role he wanted in the school play or he & his girl friend may have quarreled.
This mother interprets the situation differently & feels sympathy.
Another mother might realize that her son is trying to establish his independence,
so she doesn't take his tone of voice personally. Yet another responds with humor. Four different
interpretations of "irritable teen behavior" lead to very different parental emotional reactions
& behaviors.
Perception & Communication
Whenever we observe behavior, listen to
someone speak or gather information, we draw conclusions. If we interpret correctly, we respond reasonably. If, however, we
conclude incorrectly, our response may be wrong.
Two issues are important here:
- Communication always
involves interpretation.
- Because we
base interpretations on values, beliefs & experiences, we could
interpret incorrectly.
We can avoid this pitfall through feedback.
A reality check takes only a few seconds. Ask, "Do you mean . . . ?" or "Are you saying . . ?"
Perception & Problem Solving
How we perceive a problem affects its outcome. We may limit our options or possible
solutions by the way we see, define or describe the problem.
For example, a father who wants help with household tasks sees his problem as a
lazy daughter. This limits his number of solutions. What do you do with a
lazy daughter? You can't just exchange her for another with more ambition.
Given the perception that his daughter is lazy, dad likely has been nagging her, a
tactic that seldom succeeds. Better would be some solid communication.
The daughter may not know how to keep a household functioning. Perhaps she doesn't realize how much time & energy her
father is exerting. Maybe a heavy load of schoolwork & other commitments are strapping her
time & energy. Perhaps she gets only those tasks, which she finds distasteful. Dad may not have been clear about his expectations, needs & standards. While it's
possible his daughter suffers from a lazy streak, dad might benefit by changing his
tactics to enlist his daughter's help.
Stereotyping Teenagers
Negative assumptions about teens are rampant & parents &
teens can be negative. Yes, our teenagers will be difficult at times, but aren't we all? We would
be better served by knowing our own children as the individuals they are.
Folk wisdom says that optimism will bring success in almost anything we do, while pessimism, or negative expectations, will achieve the opposite. Any positive or negative belief can become true, because we tend to act as we believe. Using that logic, our teenagers may be difficult because we may expect them to be. And teens may think, "If I'm going to get blamed for it anyway, I may as well do it."
We communicate expectations to our teens through tone of voice, facial expressions, touch & posture. These expectations will help or may hinder our teens by influencing their self-perceptions. Teenagers &
young children tend to live up or live down to whatever is expected of them.
Summary & Conclusion
Perception, along with stereotyping are powerful forces in human relationships.
Learning how both parents & teens perceive a situation can help improve understanding &
communication skills.
What do you assume or take for granted? Do you buy into widely held stereotypes and do you base expectations of your teen (or parent)
on them? Can you see your teen (or
parent) as a person in his
or her own center rather than just as another member of the "younger" or "older" generation?
The ability & willingness to examine how the process of perception is playing out in your family can go a
long way toward improving communication & easing conflict.